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Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/an-explanation-of-the-hundreds-of-clusterbombs-syrias-dumping-outside-residential-neighborhoods-2012-10

The Syrian regime stands accused once again of using controversial clusterbombs in its fight against rebel forces.
Cluster bombs are not only effective at devastating troops across a
patch of battlefield, they're also handy at rendering land useless to
the enemy.
They do this by scattering tiny bombs atop the surface of the earth.
Whether targeting people, or equipment, the result can be the same.
In this case, the patch of earth is largely a highway running through Maarat al-Numan, and the people are residents of Taftanaz and Tamane`a along with insurgents using the road.


The highway is a key passage joining conflict-heavy Homs and Aleppo, with Maaret al-Numan nearly smack-dab in the middle.


With no air support, access to that road is critical to the rebels
success, but cluster-bombing it seems an interesting choice by the Assad
regime.
Cluster munitions work like this:


A plane or helicopter drops a typical bomb shaped object from the
air, basically a dispenser, that's filled with up to 2,000 'bomblets'
referred to in the sterilizing vernacular of war as — subminitions.
If the video below is accurate, the subminitions dropped into Syria
are anti-materiel (AMAT) bomblets designed to take out 'hard' targets
like vehicles and equipment. You can tell by the stabilizers at their
tails that were buoyed by a small parachute as they fell.
These cluster bombs are designed to explode on impact when they strike the ground, or whatever target they were intended for.


While they still litter the earth posing danger to residents,
particularly curious children, they are not necessarily designed to
target people like other models.
Anti-Personnel (APERS) cluster bombs are specifically designed to do
just that, and scatter entire areas with small, round bomblets, which
act as land mines that will lay fallow until a bit of pressure is
applied.
Most subminitions can be rigged with self-destruct fuses that can
vary from a couple hours to several days; so it will be a sign of the
regime's intentions, if those bomblets on the ground now have disarmed
themselves or continue to injure people in the days ahead.
If the design was to keep the north-south highway unusable, Assad may
be essentially trying to take out chunks of the thoroughfare, while
littering it with bomblets that will likely detonate beneath the
pressure of a vehicle tire.
Either way, this most recent clusterbomb attack seems to imply the loss of Maarat al-Numan was felt closely by the regime, and it has little intention of backing down any time soon.


For additional kicks and giggles, Ha'aretz reports:


[Human Rights Watch] HRW previously
reported Syrian use of cluster bombs, which have been banned by most
countries, in July and August but the renewed strikes indicate the
government's determination to regain strategic control in the northwest.
Towns targeted included Maarat, Tamanea,
Taftanaz and al-Tah. Cluster bombs were also used in other areas in
Homs, Aleppo and Lattakia provinces as well as near Damascus, the rights
group said